How a Hospital Management System Works: Front-End & Back-End
Overview
A Hospital Management System (HMS) is a comprehensive solution designed to
handle the day-to-day operations of a hospital, offering multi-functional
capabilities to process every instruction efficiently. Here's an in-depth look
at how the system works, covering both the
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1. Front-End Side (User Interaction Section)
The front-end is what
the user sees and interacts with. It includes different interfaces for users
such as Admin, Account Branch, Doctors, Lab Staff, Pharmacy, and Patients. Here’s how it operates:
User Login System
- Each user (admin, doctor, lab staff, pharmacy staff, or
patient) logs in via a secure interface using their credentials.
- After logging in, they are directed to their
respective dashboards, where they can perform role-specific tasks.
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Patient Portal
Patients have access to
several key features:
- Appointment Booking:
Patients can submit appointment requests by selecting a department (e.g.,
Cardiology, Orthopedics) and a doctor. The system shows available time
slots for the selected doctor.
- Medical Reports:
Patients can view their test results and medical reports uploaded by the
lab staff.
- Invoices:
Patients can access and download invoices for treatments or services
received.
- Appointment Status:
Patients can check the status of their appointments (whether confirmed,
pending, or canceled).
Doctor's Dashboard
Doctors can perform the
following activities:
- Appointment Management: View their schedule, confirm appointments, and check
patient history.
- Medical Record Updates: Update patient treatment details, prescribe
medications, and upload diagnostic reports.
Lab Staff Dashboard
The lab staff has its
dedicated tasks:
- Test Requests:
Lab staff can receive test requests, process them, and upload medical
reports to the patient's profile.
Pharmacy Dashboard
Pharmacy staff can
manage prescriptions:
- Prescription Fulfillment: View prescriptions issued by doctors, verify them,
and dispense medications. Pharmacy staff can also manage inventory.
Admin and Account Branch Dashboard
- System Management:
The admin oversees the entire system, manages user accounts, sets
permissions, and generates reports.
- Financial Reports:
The accounts team can access financial reports, process payments, and
manage invoices.
2. Back-End Side (Data Processing Layer)
The back-end handles
the business logic, database management, and processes every instruction from the front end. The system
typically uses technologies like PHP, Python, or Java, connected to a MySQL or PostgreSQL database.
Database and Data Flow
Here’s how data flows in
the back-end:
- User Data Management:
A centralized database securely stores the details of all users (admin,
doctors, staff, patients) with access control.
- Appointment Data:
Appointment requests are stored in the database and linked to both patient
and doctor profiles for real-time updates.
- Medical Records:
Medical reports, prescriptions, and patient history are securely stored
and encrypted for privacy.
- Billing and Financial Data: Invoices, payment records, and insurance information
are handled by the financial module and stored in the back-end for the
account branch to process.
Functional Capabilities (Modules)
The system offers
several key modules for smooth functioning:
- Role-Based Access Control: Each user (admin, doctor, lab staff, pharmacy,
patient) is assigned specific permissions.
- Appointment Processing: The system manages scheduling and automatically
assigns doctors based on availability.
- Medical Report Generation: Lab results are stored and made available to doctors
and patients for real-time access.
- Pharmacy Integration:
Prescriptions are processed and shared with the pharmacy in real-time,
speeding up the dispensing process.
- Invoice Management:
Each service generates an invoice, which the patient can view and download
from their dashboard.
3. Multi-Functional Capabilities Across Branches
The HMS system supports
multiple functionalities across different departments:
- Admin Module:
Manages system operations, user accounts, and generates reports.
- Accounts Module:
Handles finances, billing, and invoicing.
- Doctor Module:
Manages appointments, patient care, and prescription handling.
- Lab Module:
Processes lab test requests and uploads reports.
- Pharmacy Module:
Handles prescription management and inventory control.
- Patient Module:
Allows patients to book appointments, view reports, check invoices, and
access medical history.
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Example Workflow: How the System Operates
Step 1: Patient Submits an Appointment Request
- Front-End:
The patient selects a department and doctor from the front-end interface.
- Back-End:
The system checks the doctor’s availability, stores the appointment
request, and updates the doctor’s schedule.
Step 2: Doctor Consults and Prescribes Medication
- Front-End:
The doctor logs in, views patient history, and prescribes medication
through their dashboard.
- Back-End:
The prescription is stored in the database and sent to the pharmacy.
Step 3: Lab Staff Processes Tests and Uploads Results
- Front-End:
The lab staff receive test requests and upload results to the patient’s
profile.
- Back-End:
Test results are securely stored, and notifications are sent to the
patient and doctor.
Step 4: Patient Views Report and Pays Invoice
- Front-End:
The patient logs in, views their medical report, and checks their invoice.
- Back-End:
Payment processing and invoice generation are handled by the system and
recorded in the accounts module.
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Full Hospital Management System you can download From here.
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